// Check if input is of number type

/*
* Input: Any Type
* Output: Boolean
*/

function isOfNumberType(input){
    return typeof input == 'number' ||
    input instanceof Number;
}

// Tests
isOfNumberType(10) //true
isOfNumberType(Number(10)) //true
isOfNumberType(new Number(10)) //true
isOfNumberType("10") //false
                            
                        

                            // Check if input from a form is of number type
                                
/*
* Input: Any Type
* Output: Boolean
*/

function isOfNumberTypeFromForm(input){
    return !isNaN(input);
}
                            
                        

                            // Check if input value contains a number

/*
* Input: Any Type
* Output: Boolean
*/

function isNumber(input){
    return isOfNumberType(input) ||
       !isNaN(Number(input))
}

// Tests
isNumber(10)                //true
isNumber(Number(10))        //true
isNumber(new Number(10))    //true
isNumber("10")              //true
isNumber("10COPY")          //false
isNumber("10.01")           //true
isNumber("10e+14")          //true
                            
                        

                            // Check if input value is null or undefined

/*
* Input: Any Type
* Output: Boolean
*/

function usNullish(input){
    return input == undefined;
}

// Tests
usNullish(undefined)   //true
usNullish(null)        //true
usNullish(false)       //false
usNullish("")          //false
                            
                        

                            // Check if input value is an null or empty string

/*
* Input: Any Type
* Output: Boolean
*/

function isEmptyString(input){
    return input === null ||
       input === "";
}

// Tests
isEmptyString(undefined)   //false
isEmptyString(null)        //true
isEmptyString(" ")         //false
isEmptyString("")          //true
                            
                        

                            // Check if input value is falsy

/*
* Input: Any Type
* Output: Boolean
*/

function isFalsy(input){
    return !input;
}

// Tests
isFalsy(undefined)   //true
isFalsy(null)        //true
isFalsy(" ")         //false
isFalsy("")          //true
isFalsy(false)       //true
                            
                        

                            // Check if input is an Array

/*
* Input: Any Type
* Output: Boolean
*/

function isArray(input){
    return Array.isArray(input);
}

// Tests
isArray(null)       //false
isArray([])         //true
isArray([1, 2, 3])  //true
isArray({})         //false
                            
                        

                            // Check if input is an Empty object

/*
* Input: Object Type
* Output: Boolean
*/

function isEmptyObject(input){
    for(const key in input){
        if(input.hasOwnProperty(key))
            return false;
    }
    return true;
}

// Tests
isEmptyObject(null)     //true
isEmptyObject({})       //true
isEmptyObject([])       //true
isEmptyObject({x: 10})  //false
                            
                        

                            // Convert first character of each sentence to uppercase
// Sentence Demiliter is new line of '.\s+'

/*
* Input: String Type
* Output: String Type
*/

function sentenceCase(input){
    return input?.toLowerCase().replace(/(^\w)|\.\s+(\w)/gm, 
                                        s => s.toUpperCase());
}

// Tests
sentenceCase("")                            //""
sentenceCase("i am bored")                  //I am bored
sentenceCase("i am bored. let's play")      //I am bored. Let's play
                            
                        

                            // Convert first character of each word to uppercase

/*
* Input: String Type
* Output: String Type
*/

function properCase(input){
    return input?.toLowerCase().replace(/^\w|\s\w/g, 
                                        s => s.toUpperCase());
}

// Tests
properCase("")               //""
properCase("bruno leo")      //I am bored
properCase("brUNO lEo")      //I am bored. Let's play
                            
                        

                            // Reverse a string

/*
* Input: String Type
* Output: String Type
*/

function reverseString(input){
    return input?.split('').reverse().join('');
}

// Tests
reverseString("")                  //""
reverseString("Hello")             // olleH
reverseString("Hello, World!")      // !dlroW ,olleH
                            
                        

                            // Convert a number from one base to another base

/*
* Input: String Type
* Output: String Type
*/

function convertBase(input, base1, base2){
    return parseInt(input, base1).toString(base2);
}

// Tests
convertBase("15", 10, 2)    // "1111"
convertBase("F076", 16, 8)  // "170166"
                            
                        

                            // Create and initialize array

/*
* Input: Length of Array (Number)
* Input: Default Value (Any Type)
* Output: Array
*/

function initialize(length, value){
    return Array(length).fill(value)
}

// Tests
initialize(5, 0)    // [0,0,0,0,0]
initialize(0, 5)    // []
                            
                        

                            // Empty an array

/*
* Input: Array
* Output: Array
*/

function empty(input){
    input.length = 0;
    return input;
}

// Tests
empty([])             // []
empty([1,2,3,4,5])    // []
                            
                        

                            // Remove falsy values from an array

/*
* Input: Array
* Output: Array
*/

function removeBlanks(input){
    return input.filter(Boolean);
}

// Tests
removeBlanks([])                         // []
removeBlanks([1,2,false,4,undefined])    // [1,2,4]
                            
                        

                            // Remove duplicates from array

/*
* Input: Array
* Output: Array
*/

function removeDuplicates(input){
    return [...new Set(input)];
}

// Tests
removeDuplicates([])               // []
removeDuplicates([1,2,1,3,2,4])    // [1,2,3,4]
                            
                        

                            // Casting an array to array of numbers

/*
* Input: Array
* Output: Array
*/

function castToNumbers(input){
    return input.map(Number);
}

// Tests
castToNumbers([])               // []
castToNumbers(["1",2,false,"3a",undefined,])    // [1,2,0,Nan,Nan]
                            
                        

                            // Return a series of integers starting from 0

/*
* Input: Number (excluding NaN, Negative, Infinity, -Infinity)
* Output: Array
*/

function series(limit){
    return [...Array(limit).keys()];
}

// Tests
series(0)   // []
series(1)   // [0]
series(10)  // [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]